Ramesses II; Akhenaten was the most original and controversial ruler of ancient Egypt, and Ramses ll was the most illustrious. This pharaoh of reddish-angled nose hair gained fame among his contemporaries and in later generations of ancient Egypt, and high esteem among modern scholars, who dubbed him "the great one." Their building activities are unparalleled; It is difficult to find a place where there is no testimony of their presence. From the Delta in the west to wadi Tumilay and the city of Per-Ramsés in the east; from Memphis, administrative capital in the north of the Nile Valley, to the rock-carved temples of Abu Simbel in ancient Nubia, the name Weser-Maat-Re-Setapen-Ra-Ra'msés and his royal figure stand out in temples, palaces, tombs, forts and colossal statues.
son of Pharaoh Setis I and Queen Tuya, reigned between 12791212 a.e.c. He inherited a strong and ethical state that had already overcome the internal problems caused by the Amarna revolution, rebuilt a well-equipped army of Egyptians and mercenaries, exerted great influence over vast regions of Sirius-Palestine and a strong dominance over Nubia, and implemented a policy of wise military operatives to maintain their superpower status.
Ramses II faced the main enemy of Egypt, the Hittites, in the famous battle of Kadesh on the Orontes River (Syria). Although his results are uncertain, he ordered to record the details in the monuments he erected. In the 21st year of his reign he signed a peace treaty with the Hittites, whose details were engraved on the walls of the Karnak temple and in the Rameseum. To seal it, he married the daughter of the Hittite king, who arrived in Egypt with a large entourage and numerous gifts.
He had many sons and daughters with his two main wives, Nefertari e-Isis-Nofret, and with a great harem of minor queens and concubines. Near his grave in the Valley of the 'Kings, another (KV5) was discovered whose secrets have not yet been fully revealed, with the graves of many of his children.
Among its best preserved monuments are two temples_ carved in rock in 'Abu Simbel, the monumental enclosure with columns in Karnak, the facade and courtyard of the temple of Luxot, its funerary temple west of Luxor (the Rameseum), a memorial temple in Abidos, two colósales statues of his palace in Memphis, a large statue that currently stands between the ruins of Tanis northeast of the Delta, - his grave and [a of his sons in the Valley of the Kings, the most beautiful tomb in the Valley of the Queens (for his wife Nefertari) and many more.
Many identify him with the pharaoh of the Exodus. His impressive mummy, discovered in a secondary tomb, is exhibited in the MuSeo of Cairo.